Herpes simplex - Herpes Simple
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Herpes simple en el labio.
Herpes Simple (Herpes simplex) ― La infección por herpes simple en los dedos es más común en niños pequeños que en adultos.
References
La infección por HSV-1 progresa mediante una infección primaria de las células epiteliales, seguida de una latencia, principalmente en las neuronas, y una reactivación. El HSV-1 comúnmente causa erupciones vesiculares iniciales y recurrentes, principalmente en la boca y la mucosa genital. Sus manifestaciones van desde herpes orolabial hasta diversas afecciones como foliculitis herpética, infecciones de la piel, afectación ocular y casos graves como encefalitis herpética. La terapia antiviral ayuda a controlar la infección por HSV.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) es una infección generalizada que afecta a alrededor del 22 % de los adultos de 12 años o más, lo que suma un total de 45 millones de adultos en los Estados Unidos. Si bien el HSV-1 generalmente causa llagas bucales, también puede provocar lesiones genitales. Sin embargo, cuando los pacientes tienen lesiones genitales, el HSV-2 suele ser la principal preocupación. Los síntomas de los brotes de HSV-2 suelen ser vagos, como picazón e irritación genital, lo que puede retrasar el diagnóstico y el tratamiento. Este retraso puede resultar en una mayor transmisión a personas no infectadas.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) comúnmente causa infecciones como herpes genital y herpes labial en adolescentes y adultos. Cuando el VHS infecta a un bebé dentro de las primeras 4 a 6 semanas de vida, puede provocar una enfermedad grave con graves consecuencias. Diagnosticar rápidamente la infección neonatal por VHS es fundamental para evitar que la enfermedad empeore y prevenir problemas neurológicos (incluso la muerte) .
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex La infección es muy común y puede transmitirse de las mujeres embarazadas a sus bebés. Este virus puede causar problemas de salud graves o incluso la muerte en los recién nacidos. Si bien es poco común durante el embarazo, a menudo ocurre durante el parto. El riesgo es mayor si la madre se infecta en las últimas etapas del embarazo. Sin embargo, este riesgo se puede reducir utilizando medicamentos antivirales u optando por una cesárea en determinadas situaciones.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) los tipos 1 y 2 infectan a muchas personas en todo el mundo. Por lo general, el virus permanece inactivo en las células nerviosas después de infectar la piel, pero puede reactivarse más tarde y provocar herpes labial. A veces, provoca problemas graves como infecciones oculares, inflamación cerebral o afecciones peligrosas en recién nacidos y personas con sistemas inmunitarios débiles. Si bien los medicamentos actuales ayudan a controlar las infecciones, el riesgo de resistencia a los medicamentos y efectos secundarios sigue siendo motivo de preocupación. Necesitamos nuevos medicamentos para combatir mejor el virus.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Hay dos tipos de virus herpes simple (herpes simplex) , el tipo 1 (HSV-1) y el tipo 2 (HSV-2). El HSV-1 causa más comúnmente infecciones alrededor de la boca, mientras que el HSV-2 causa más comúnmente infecciones genitales. Se transmiten por contacto directo con el individuo infectado. El herpes genital se clasifica como una infección de transmisión sexual. Puede transmitirse a un bebé durante el parto. Después de la infección, los virus son transportados a lo largo de los nervios sensoriales hasta los cuerpos de las células nerviosas, donde residen durante toda la vida. Las causas de la recurrencia pueden incluir: disminución de la función inmune, estrés y exposición al sol.
En la mayoría de los casos, los medicamentos antivirales se toman sólo cuando los síntomas son graves. Se pueden recetar medicamentos antivirales diarios a alguien que tenga infecciones muy frecuentes. No existe ninguna vacuna disponible y la vacuna contra el herpes zóster no previene el herpes simple. Los tratamientos con medicamentos antivirales como aciclovir o valaciclovir pueden disminuir la gravedad de los síntomas.
Las tasas mundiales de HSV-1 o HSV-2 están entre el 60% y el 95% en adultos. El HSV-1 suele infectarse durante la infancia. Se estima que 536 millones de personas en todo el mundo (16% de la población) estaban infectadas con HSV-2 en 2003, con tasas mayores entre las mujeres y las personas del mundo en desarrollo. La mayoría de las personas con HSV-2 no se dan cuenta de que están infectadas.
○ Tratamiento: medicamentos de venta libre
Evite cualquier contacto físico, como besar a un niño, mientras las ampollas estén presentes, ya que el contacto puede transmitir la infección a otras personas. Debes descansar sin beber alcohol.
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